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Oil: Supply & Demand? Hardly!
Written by Julian Murdoch   
October 29, 2009 10:57 AM EST

 

For most commodities, you can look at the underlying forces driving supply and demand and understand what will move the market. Except, it seems lately, for oil. Prices have risen so far, so fast from their mid-February lows that some investors have started to wonder: Is the price of crude decoupling from supply and demand?

Not quite. But right now, supply and demand only tells part of the story.

 

Oil Supply And Demand

 

Oil performance: Feb - Oct 2009

 

Globally, we are awash in oil. As reported in the EIA's latest "This Week in Petroleum," crude oil inventories went up yet again this week, gaining 778,000 barrels. While this increase was less than half of the 1.91-million-barrel increase analysts had forecasted, crude oil inventory is still well above the five-year average for this time of year. (Oil still dropped a bit though, due to a huge increase in gasoline inventories when the market had expected a drawdown. See "This Week's Oil Guesses Off The Mark" for more on that story.)

OPEC has publicly stated that they believe inventories in developed OECD countries to be equal to roughly 61 days of demand—a number OPEC is none too happy about. They'd prefer the world to be constantly on the brink of running out (that is, 55 days or less). So with all of this supply, you'd expect to see OPEC talking production cuts—or at least a drop in the price of oil.

Instead, last week the group discussed the need to increase production, so as to keep oil under $80—it seems even OPEC thinks prices are still too high. As OPEC Secretary General Abdalla El-Badri told Bloomberg:

 

"Anything above $80 will really hamper economic growth. Watch the floating storage, if that is eliminated, and watch the stocks, if they are at 52, 54 days, then OPEC will take action."

 

Of course, if the floating stocks (that is, oil stored at sea) remain at current levels and inventories stay full, then apparently OPEC will just sit back and rake in the money.

 

It's The Dollar, Stupid

So if supply and demand isn't driving oil prices, what is?

It comes back to the strength—or lack thereof—of the U.S. dollar. As OPEC member Qatari Oil Minister Abdullah bin Hamad Al-Attiyah told Bloomberg:

 

"Sometimes the price of oil has no correlation to demand and supply. Now what we are seeing is that oil has a strong correlation with the dollar."

 

Of course, what he most likely meant to say is that right now, oil has a strong negative correlation with the dollar. Just look at the relationship between oil and the dollar since the beginning of 2007:



 

 
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Comments (6)

 Friday, 30 October 2009 14:58 EST - Posted by Ermilo

 
I agree with this article. I love the fact that fundamental thinking takes the center stage in this article, though, recognizing the fact that sooner, than later, oil will rise probably next year half way in June or July.

 Monday, 02 November 2009 17:27 EST - Posted by erich

 
The law of supply and demand is not repealed by dollar weakness, the price of oil is down or up depending on which currency is used to buy it.

 Monday, 02 November 2009 19:42 EST - Posted by Todd Markle

 
I believe the price of oil is not correlated to supply and demand or the dollar. If you look back, oil prices dropped when the big brokerage houses were in financial trouble and were therefore not in a position to speculate on the movement of oil. Now that they have been bailed out and are on more solid footing they are speculating on oil again, causing the price to increase. Check the dates of the brokerage houses health and liquidity against the price of oil and you will see the correlation between the stability of the big brokerage houses and the price of oil.

 Monday, 02 November 2009 20:30 EST - Posted by erich

 
Todd, you're making the case for supply/demand, the market makes no distinction of who the buyers or sellers are.

 Monday, 02 November 2009 21:33 EST - Posted by Todd

 
Yes, I agree except the buyers and sellers in this case are not making those decisions based on need or demand but for pure profit. I am all for this. I have not problem with anyone making money in our free market society. They are also making money on the rise or the fall of the price of oil based on what particular trade they are executing. They do not take delivery(they hope) or reduce their supply based on their trades. Help me out here if I am wrong.

 Tuesday, 03 November 2009 13:51 EST - Posted by erich

 
all commerce is about profit while it fills a need. It takes two to make a market, a buyer (demand) and a seller (supply). If a buyer doesn't want to take delivery he has to find another buyer who will settle with seller at whatever likely lower price he will accept. That's what makes a market or speculation if you will.
Conversely, in gold right now we seem to have speculators forcing sellers to make physical delivery since they are sensing a short squeeze opportunity.



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